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The articular cartilage function is dependent on the molecular composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The ECM consists mainly of proteoglycan and collagens . The main proteoglycan in cartilage is aggrecan, which, as its name suggests, forms large aggregates with hyaluronan and with itself. [ 8 ]
The chondrocyte in cartilage matrix has rounded or polygonal structure. The exception occurs at tissue boundaries, for example the articular surfaces of joints, in which chondrocytes may be flattened or discoid. Intra-cellular features are characteristic of a synthetically active cell.
Hyaline cartilage is located in the trachea, nose, epiphyseal plate, sternum, and ribs. [2] Hyaline cartilage is covered externally by a fibrous membrane known as the perichondrium. [2] The primary cells of cartilage are chondrocytes, which are in a matrix of fibrous tissue, proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans. [2] [3]
Aggrecan is a critical component for cartilage structure and the function of joints. Functionally, the G1 domain interacts with hyaluronic acid and link protein, forming stable ternary complexes in the extracellular matrix. G2 is homologous to the tandem repeats of G1 and of link protein and is involved in product processing.
Collagen Type II fibers are responsible for giving the future cartilage matrix its tensile strength. The structure of these fibers, like the majority of collagen fibers, forms a triple helix structure. [3] Proteoglycans resist the compression generally put upon cartilage and generate the swelling pressure responsible for stress shielding the ...
12845 Ensembl ENSG00000105664 ENSMUSG00000031849 UniProt P49747 Q9R0G6 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000095 NM_016685 RefSeq (protein) NP_000086 NP_057894 Location (UCSC) Chr 19: 18.78 – 18.79 Mb Chr 8: 70.83 – 70.83 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), also known as thrombospondin-5, is an extracellular matrix (ECM) protein primarily ...
Matrilin-3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MATN3 gene. [5] [6] [7] It is linked to the development of many types of cartilage, [8] and part of the Matrilin family, which includes Matrilin-1, Matrilin-2, Matrilin-3, and Matrilin-4, a family of filamentous-forming adapter oligomeric extracellular proteins that are linked to the formation of cartilage and bone, as well as ...
In biology, matrix (pl.: matrices) is the material (or tissue) in between a eukaryotic organism's cells. The structure of connective tissues is an extracellular matrix. Fingernails and toenails grow from matrices. It is found in various connective tissues. It serves as a jelly-like structure instead of cytoplasm in connective tissue.