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1. The class number of a number field is the cardinality of the ideal class group of the field. 2. In group theory, the class number is the number of conjugacy classes of a group. 3. Class number is the number of equivalence classes of binary quadratic forms of a given discriminant. 4. The class number problem. conductor
The use of complex analysis in number theory comes later: the work of Bernhard Riemann (1859) on the zeta function is the canonical starting point; [77] Jacobi's four-square theorem (1839), which predates it, belongs to an initially different strand that has by now taken a leading role in analytic number theory (modular forms).
Other key ideas in infinite set theory mentioned by Burton, Paula, Narli and Rodger include real numbers such as π, integers, and Euler's number. [5] [6] [7] Both Burton and Rogers use finite sets to start to explain infinite sets using proof concepts such as mapping, proof by induction, or proof by contradiction.
The David Goss Prize in Number theory, founded by the Journal of Number Theory, is awarded every two years, to mathematicians under the age of 35 for outstanding contributions to number theory. The prize is dedicated to the memory of David Goss who was the former editor in chief of the Journal of Number Theory. The current award is 10,000 USD.
Algebraic number theory is a branch of number theory that uses the techniques of abstract algebra to study the integers, rational numbers, and their generalizations. Number-theoretic questions are expressed in terms of properties of algebraic objects such as algebraic number fields and their rings of integers , finite fields , and function fields .
Bernoulli number. Agoh–Giuga conjecture; Von Staudt–Clausen theorem; Dirichlet series; Euler product; Prime number theorem. Prime-counting function. Meissel–Lehmer algorithm; Offset logarithmic integral; Legendre's constant; Skewes' number; Bertrand's postulate. Proof of Bertrand's postulate; Proof that the sum of the reciprocals of the ...
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The Penguin Dictionary of Curious and Interesting Numbers is a reference book for recreational mathematics and elementary number theory written by David Wells. The first edition was published in paperback by Penguin Books in 1986 in the UK, and a revised edition appeared in 1997 ( ISBN 0-14-026149-4 ).