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For example, computer processors are often designed to process data grouped into words of a given length of bits (8 bit, 16 bit, 32 bit, 64 bit, etc.). The bit length of each word defines, for one thing, how many memory locations can be independently addressed by the processor. In cryptography, the key size of an algorithm is the bit length of ...
A bit array (also known as bitmask, [1] bit map, bit set, bit string, or bit vector) is an array data structure that compactly stores bits. It can be used to implement a simple set data structure . A bit array is effective at exploiting bit-level parallelism in hardware to perform operations quickly.
It is thus equivalent to the Hamming distance from the all-zero string of the same length. For the most typical case, a string of bits, this is the number of 1's in the string, or the digit sum of the binary representation of a given number and the ℓ₁ norm of a bit vector. In this binary case, it is also called the population count, [1 ...
A bitwise AND is a binary operation that takes two equal-length binary representations and performs the logical AND operation on each pair of the corresponding bits. Thus, if both bits in the compared position are 1, the bit in the resulting binary representation is 1 (1 × 1 = 1); otherwise, the result is 0 (1 × 0 = 0 and 0 × 0 = 0).
Given a list of symbols sorted by bit-length, the following pseudocode will print a canonical Huffman code book: code := 0 while more symbols do print symbol, code code := (code + 1) << ((bit length of the next symbol) − (current bit length)) algorithm compute huffman code is input: message ensemble (set of (message, probability)).
A code is non-singular if each source symbol is mapped to a different non-empty bit string; that is, the mapping from source symbols to bit strings is injective.. For example, the mapping = {,,} is not non-singular because both "a" and "b" map to the same bit string "0"; any extension of this mapping will generate a lossy (non-lossless) coding.
A bit field is distinguished from a bit array in that the latter is used to store a large set of bits indexed by integers and is often wider than any integral type supported by the language. [citation needed] Bit fields, on the other hand, typically fit within a machine word, [3] and the denotation of bits is independent of their numerical ...
Writing the first bit transmitted (the coefficient of the highest power of ) on the left, this corresponds to the 9-bit string "100000111". The byte value 57 16 can be transmitted in two different orders, depending on the bit ordering convention used. Each one generates a different message polynomial ().