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Dioscorea is a genus of over 600 species of flowering plants in the family Dioscoreaceae, native throughout the tropical and warm temperate regions of the world. The vast majority of the species are tropical, with only a few species extending into temperate climates.
Dioscorea bulbifera (commonly known as the air potato, air yam, bitter yam, cheeky yam, potato yam, [2] aerial yam, [3] and parsnip yam [4]) is a species of true yam in the yam family, Dioscoreaceae. It is native to Africa, Asia and northern Australia. [ 1 ]
Dioscorea polystachya or Chinese yam (simplified Chinese: 山药; traditional Chinese: 山藥), also called cinnamon-vine, [2] is a species of flowering plant in the yam family. It is sometimes called Chinese potato or by its Korean name ma .
Dioscorea japonica, known as East Asian mountain yam, [1] yamaimo, or Japanese mountain yam, is a type of yam native to Japan (including Ryukyu and Bonin Islands), Korea, China, Taiwan, and Assam. [2] [3] Dioscorea japonica is used for food.
The tubers of certain wild yams, including a variant of 'Kokoro' yam and other species of Dioscorea, such as Dioscorea nipponica, are a source for the extraction of diosgenin, a sapogenin steroid. [31] The extracted diosgenin is used for the commercial synthesis of cortisone, pregnenolone, progesterone, and other steroid products. [53]
Dioscorea alata – also called ube (/ ˈ uː b ɛ,-b eɪ /), ubi, purple yam, or greater yam, among many other names – is a species of yam (a tuber). The tubers are usually a vivid violet - purple to bright lavender in color (hence the common name), but some range in color from cream to plain white.
Dioscorea pentaphylla is a species of flowering plant in the yam family known by the common name fiveleaf yam. It is native to southern and eastern Asia ( China , India , Indochina , Indonesia , Philippines , etc.) as well as New Guinea , Sri Lanka and northern Australia .
Dioscorea villosa. Dioscorea villosa flower petal color is commonly known to be green to brown, or white. Lengths of the flower petals range from 0.5 to 2 mm (1 ⁄ 32 to 3 ⁄ 32 in). The flowers tend to grow out of the axil; this is the point at which a branch or leaf attaches to the main stem.