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Juniperus communis, the common juniper, is a species of small tree or shrub in the cypress family Cupressaceae. An evergreen conifer , it has the largest geographical range of any woody plant , with a circumpolar distribution throughout the cool temperate Northern Hemisphere .
Juniperus scopulorum is a small evergreen tree that in favorable conditions may reach as much as 20 metres (66 feet) in height. [4] However, on sites with little water or intense sun it will only attain shrub height, and even those that reach tree size will more typically be 4.6–6.1 metres (15–20 feet) tall in open juniper woodlands. [5]
Juniperus horizontalis, the creeping juniper or creeping cedar, [4] is a low-growing shrubby juniper native to northern North America, throughout most of Canada from Yukon east to Newfoundland, and in some of the northern United States.
Juniper berries are a spice used in a wide variety of culinary dishes and are best known for the primary flavoring in gin (and responsible for gin's name, which is a shortening of the Dutch word for juniper, jenever). A juniper-based spirit is made by fermenting juniper berries and water to create a "wine" that is then distilled.
Juniperus virginiana foliage and mature cones. Juniperus virginiana is a dense slow-growing coniferous evergreen tree with a conical or subcylindrical shaped crown [8] that may never become more than a bush on poor soil, but is ordinarily from 5–20 metres (16–66 feet) tall, with a short trunk 30–100 centimetres (12–39 inches) in diameter, rarely to 27 m (89 ft) in height and 170 cm (67 ...
Juniperus occidentalis, known as the western juniper, is a shrub or tree native to the Western United States, growing in mountains at altitudes of 800–3,000 meters (2,600–9,800 ft) and rarely down to 100 m (330 ft).
Juniperus virginiana (eastern juniper or red cedar) Thuja occidentalis (eastern arborvitae or white cedar) Pinaceae (pine family) Abies balsamea (balsam fir) Larix laricina (tamarack larch) Pinus banksiana (jack pine) Pinus strobus (eastern white pine) Pinus resinosa (red pine or Norway pine) Picea glauca (white spruce) Picea mariana (black spruce)
Juniperus monosperma is a species of juniper native to western North America, in the United States in Arizona, New Mexico, southern Colorado, western Oklahoma , and western Texas, and in Mexico in the extreme north of Chihuahua. It grows at 970–2300 m altitude. [3] [4]