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A peer-to-peer (P2P) network in which interconnected nodes ("peers") share resources amongst each other without the use of a centralized administrative system Peer-to-peer ( P2P ) computing or networking is a distributed application architecture that partitions tasks or workloads between peers.
It describes a model of socio-economic production in which large numbers of people work cooperatively; usually over the Internet. Commons-based projects generally have less rigid hierarchical structures than those under more traditional business models. One of the major characteristics of the commons-based peer production is its non-profit scope.
The model allows transparent communication through equivalent exchange of protocol data units (PDUs) between two parties, through what is known as peer-to-peer networking (also known as peer-to-peer communication). As a result, the OSI reference model has not only become an important piece among professionals and non-professionals alike, but ...
Protocol Used by Defunct clients ActivityPub: Friendica, Libervia, Lemmy, Mastodon, Micro.blog, Nextcloud, PeerTube, Pixelfed, Pleroma: Advanced Peer-to-Peer ...
The rationale for P2P asset management is financial disintermediation.When multiple intermediaries participate in an investment management transaction, there is the potential for a conflict of interest between providers and buyers of the service, in a well documented sequence described in economic theory as the principal–agent problem.
Gnutella is a peer-to-peer network protocol. Founded in 2000, it was the first decentralized peer-to-peer network of its kind, leading to other, later networks adopting the model. [1] In June 2005, Gnutella's population was 1.81 million computers [2] increasing to over three million nodes by January 2006. [3]
An example of such a peer-to-peer software program is BitTorrent. Peer-to-peer file sharing is different from the client–server model, where content is directly distributed from its server to a client. To make peer-to-peer file sharing function effectively, content is divided into parts of 256 kilobytes (KB). This segmented downloading makes ...
Peer production is also expanding beyond knowledge production, in the realm of manufacturing. [8] For example, there are now several types of open-source solar-powered 3-D printers, [9] which can be used for production in off grid locations [10] and other forms of open source appropriate technology like the use of biomaterials.