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The SIGNE 2 detectors were simultaneously flown on Venera 12 and Prognoz 7 to allow triangulation of gamma ray sources. Before and after Venus flyby, Venera 11 and Venera 12 yielded detailed time-profiles for 143 gamma-ray bursts, resulting in the first ever catalog of such events. The last gamma-ray burst reported by Venera 11 occurred on ...
Venera 4 was the first successful probe, and showed that CO 2 is the main component in Venus' atmosphere. [15] [5] Venera 7 found the temperature and pressure data as well as the atmospheric composition. [5] [16] Venera 8 measured the K, U, and Th on the surface through gamma-ray analysis. [5]
Upper stage attitude control failure, never left LEO [11] Molniya-M: Zond 1 (3MV-1 No.4) 2 April 1964: OKB-1 Soviet Union: Flyby/Lander Spacecraft failure Electronics shorted out, communications lost before flyby. [11] Flew past Venus on 14 July 1964. Molniya-M: Venera 2 (3MV-4 No.4) 12 November 1965: OKB-1 Soviet Union: Flyby Spacecraft failure
Venera 11, launched from the Soviet Union on September 9, made a soft landing on the planet Venus at 03:24 UTC, transmitting data until February 1, 1980. [ 145 ] In his first Christmas as the leader of the Roman Catholic Church, Pope John Paul II read his greetings from the balcony of St. Peter's Basilica to an audience of 30,000 people and to ...
Venera 4's battery ran out while still slowly floating through the massive atmosphere, and Venera 5 and 6 were crushed by high pressure 18 km (60,000 ft) above the surface. The first successful landing on Venus was by Venera 7 on December 15, 1970 — the first successful soft (non-crash) landing on another planet, as well as the first ...
Venera 11; Venera 12; Venera 13; Venera 14; Venera 15; Venera 16 This page was last edited on 2 January 2017, at 17:07 (UTC). Text is available under the Creative ...
Venera 4V-2 (Russian: Венера 4В-2) was a series of two identical spacecraft sent to Venus by the Soviet Union, consisting of Venera 15 and Venera 16. [1] Both uncrewed orbiters were to map the surface of Venus using high resolution imaging systems. The spacecraft were identical and based on modifications to the earlier Venera space probes.
Venera 2 – Venus (1966) Mars 4 – Intended to orbit Mars, but retrorocket failed, mission partial success (1974) Mars 6 coast stage – Mars (1974) Mars 7 coast stage – Mars (1974) Mars 7 lander – Intended to land on Mars, but missed planet (1974) Venera 11 cruise stage – Venus (1978) [citation needed]