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  2. Manual of Patent Examining Procedure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manual_of_Patent_Examining...

    The current version of the MPEP is the 9th Edition, which was released in March 2014. The MPEP has traditionally been available in paper form, but electronic versions are now used more often, particularly because an applicant only may consult the electronic versions while taking the USPTO registration examination, or the patent bar examination ...

  3. Patent claim - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent_claim

    Traditionally the USPTO used for claims interpretation during patent examination a "broadest reasonable interpretation consistent with specification" standard, [33] while the US courts in suits for patent infringement, during a Markman hearing, a claim is interpreted using a narrower standard. This duality (broader during examination, narrower ...

  4. Inter partes review - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inter_partes_review

    An inter partes review is used to challenge the patentability of one or more claims in a U.S. patent only on a ground that could be raised under 35 U.S.C. §§ 102 or 103 (non-obviousness), and only on the basis of prior art consisting of patents or printed publications. [3]

  5. List of patent claim types - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_patent_claim_types

    This is a list of special types of claims that may be found in a patent or patent application.For explanations about independent and dependent claims and about the different categories of claims, i.e. product or apparatus claims (claims referring to a physical entity), and process, method or use claims (claims referring to an activity), see Claim (patent), section "Basic types and categories".

  6. United States patent law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_patent_law

    1854. In Winans v. Denmead, the US Supreme Court decided that the interpretation of patent claims is a question of law, decided by a judge, while the finding of infringement is a question of fact, decided by a jury. [4] This remains a binding precedent currently. 1870.

  7. Doctrine of equivalents - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doctrine_of_equivalents

    Ireland appears to subscribe to a doctrine of equivalents. In Farbwerke Hoechst v Intercontinental Pharmaceuticals (Eire) Ltd (1968), a case involving a patent of a chemical process, the High Court found that the defendant had infringed the plaintiff's patent despite the fact that the defendant had substituted the starting material specified in the patent claim for another material.

  8. Prosecution history estoppel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prosecution_history_estoppel

    Prosecution history estoppel, also known as file-wrapper estoppel, is a term used to indicate that a person who has filed a patent application, and then makes narrowing amendments to the application to accommodate the patent law, may be precluded from invoking the doctrine of equivalents to broaden the scope of their claims to cover subject matter ceded by the amendments.

  9. Machine-or-transformation test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine-or-transformation_test

    A commentator asserted that an example illustrating the proposition that satisfying the machine-or-transformation test is not a sufficient condition for patent-eligibility occurs in U.S. Pat. No. 6,701,872. [31] This patent covers a method and apparatus (machine) for entertaining a cat by using a moving laser beam (relatively high technology).