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The guidelines stipulate that PM 2.5 should not exceed 5 μg/m 3 annual mean, or 15 μg/m 3 24-hour mean; and that PM 10 should not exceed 15 μg/m 3 annual mean, or 45 μg/m 3 24-hour mean. [2] For ozone (O 3 ), the guidelines suggest values no higher than 100 μg/m 3 for an 8-hour mean and 60 μg/m 3 peak season mean. [ 2 ]
This method raised the PM2.5 (particulate matter with a diameter smaller than 2.5 microns) per cubic meter to between 200 and 350. We then ran an air purifier at either maximum or auto setting.
[6] [5] Thailand's national standards for PM2.5 air quality were revised in 2022 and 2023, to adopt the World Health Organization (WHO) Interim Target 3 (IT-3) of 37.5 μg/m 3 and 15 μg/m 3 for 24 hour and annual measures, respectively. [7] [8] [9] In 2023, over 10 million Thais sought treatment for air pollution-related illnesses. [10]
There is no safe level of particulates. Worldwide, exposure to PM 2.5 contributed to 4.1 million deaths from heart disease, stroke, lung cancer, chronic lung disease, and respiratory infections in 2016. [9] Overall, ambient particulate matter is one of the leading risk factor for premature death globally. [10]
Over the short term, elevated PM2.5 exposure can cause a runny nose, coughing and wheezing, eye and throat irritation, and even bronchitis and pneumonia, Falk says.
The World Health Organization's recommended limit is 10 micrograms per cubic meter, although there are also various national guideline values, which are often much higher. Air pollution is among the biggest health problems of modern industrial society and is responsible for more than 10 percent of all deaths worldwide (nearly 4.5 million ...
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Growing evidence that air pollution—even when experienced at very low levels—hurts human health, led the WHO to revise its guideline (from 10 μg/m 3 to 5 μg/m 3) for what it considers a safe level of exposure of particulate pollution, bringing most of the world—97.3 percent of the global population—into the unsafe zone.