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Calcium hydroxide is an active ingredient that chemically breaks down the hair for removal. [6] Some formulations also contain potassium thioglycolate, which breaks down the disulfide bonds in the hair's keratin. [6] The products often include softening agents, such as mineral oil, to help offset the harsh active ingredients. [6]
Calcium hydroxide or strontium hydroxide maintain a pH of about 12. Hair destruction requires about 10 minutes. Depilation is followed by careful rinsing with water, and various conditioners are applied to restore the skin's pH to normal. Depilation does not destroy the dermal papilla, and the hair grows back. [2]
The reaction between sodium hydroxide and some metals is also hazardous. Aluminium, magnesium, zinc, tin, chromium, brass and bronze all react with lye to produce hydrogen gas. Since hydrogen is flammable, mixing a large quantity of lye with aluminium could result in an explosion. Both the potassium and sodium forms are able to dissolve copper.
A galvanic hair remover is essentially a positive ground power supply that delivers 0–3 milliamperes through the body. The follicular probe is the cathode of an electrolytic cell. Sodium hydroxide formed at the cathode by the process of chemical electrolysis kills the hair matrix cells. Modern galvanic hair removers automatically adjust the ...
Drain cleaners such as Drano and Liquid-Plumr. The sodium hydroxide in these cleaners can actually eat away at your pipes, as well as ruin your enamel and other bathroom finishes, experts say. Oh ...
Perms today use this method with sodium thioglycolate instead of ammonium thioglycolate, at a pH of 8 to 9.5. Perming hair with the sodium thioglycolate method takes only 15–30 minutes of exposure to the sodium thioglycolate solution before a neutralizer solution is applied to bring the pH back to normal and re-bond the hair.