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A Mercator map can therefore never fully show the polar areas (but see Uses below for applications of the oblique and transverse Mercator projections). The Mercator projection is often compared to and confused with the central cylindrical projection , which is the result of projecting points from the sphere onto a tangent cylinder along ...
The Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) is a map projection system for assigning coordinates to locations on the surface of the Earth. Like the traditional method of latitude and longitude , it is a horizontal position representation , which means it ignores altitude and treats the earth surface as a perfect ellipsoid .
"An Album of Map Projections" (PDF). (12.6 MB), U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1453, by John P. Snyder (USGS) and Philip M. Voxland (U. Minnesota), 1989. A Cornucopia of Map Projections, a visualization of distortion on a vast array of map projections in a single image. G.Projector, free software can render many projections (NASA GISS).
All of the other 28 points are written only in Dutch, confirming Mercator's wish that his map would be put to practical use by mariners. Within the map Mercator embellishes the open seas with fleets of ships, sea creatures, of which one is a dolphin, and a striking god-like figure which may be Triton. The unknown continental interiors are ...
The projection is known by several names: the (ellipsoidal) transverse Mercator in the US; Gauss conformal or Gauss–Krüger in Europe; or Gauss–Krüger transverse Mercator more generally. Other than just a synonym for the ellipsoidal transverse Mercator map projection, the term Gauss–Krüger may be used in other slightly different ways:
The formulas for the spherical orthographic projection are derived using trigonometry.They are written in terms of longitude (λ) and latitude (φ) on the sphere.Define the radius of the sphere R and the center point (and origin) of the projection (λ 0, φ 0).
Miller projection with 1,000 km indicatrices of distortion. The Miller cylindrical projection is a modified Mercator projection, proposed by Osborn Maitland Miller in 1942. The latitude is scaled by a factor of 4 ⁄ 5, projected according to Mercator, and then the result is multiplied by 5 ⁄ 4 to retain scale along the equator. [1] Hence:
All map projections are interrupted at at least one point. Typical world maps are interrupted along an entire meridian. In that typical case, the interruption forms an east/west boundary, even though the globe has no boundaries. [1] Most map projections can be interrupted beyond what is required by the projection mathematics.
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