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Arcus senilis; Other names: arcus adiposus, arcus juvenilis, arcus lipoides corneae, arcus cornealis: Arcus senilis deposits tend to start at 6 and 12 o'clock and progress until becoming completely circumferential. The thin clear section separating the arcus from the limbus is known as the clear interval of Vogt. Specialty: Ophthalmology Symptoms
Cataract, flecked retinopathy, posterior polymorphous dystrophy and corneal arcus juvenilis may be encountered in association with lenticonus anterior that occurs as a part of the Alport syndrome. [2] There exist two distinct types of lenticonus based on the face of the lens affected.
Cornea plana 2 (CNA2) is a congenital disorder that causes the cornea to flatten and the angle between the sclera and cornea to shrink. [1] This could result in the early development of arcus lipoides, hazy corneal limbus, and hyperopia. [2] There is evidence that cornea plana 2 is caused by mutations in KERA gene encoding keratocan. [3]
Juvenile hyaline fibromatosis (fibromatosis hyalinica multiplex juvenilis, Murray–Puretic–Drescher syndrome) Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (infantile kaposiform hemangioendothelioma) Kasabach–Merritt syndrome (hemangioma with thrombocytopenia) Keloid (Keloidal scar) Keloid; Keratinizing metaplasia; Keratocyst
They propose that aged basal cells contain lipofuscin bodies that cannot be removed and might promote the aging of neighboring cells, generating a feedback loop that causes more and more neighbor cells to become aged and contain lipofuscins. [13] Such cells might then aggregate into a spot with an irregular shape. [13]
The genesis of the syndrome is unknown, however it has been suggested that inflammation of the arcus tendon is the possible cause of levator ani syndrome. [5] Proctalgia fugax and levator ani syndrome have not been found to be of psychosomatic origin, although stressful events may trigger attacks. [ 3 ]
The presence of JXG in the eye can cause spontaneous hyphema, secondary glaucoma or even blindness. [3] [5] It is most often seen in the iris but may be found on the eyelid, corneoscleral limbus, conjunctiva, orbit, retina, choroid, optic disc, or optic nerve. Of patients with ocular JXG, 92% are younger than the age of two. [4]
Most patients are asymptomatic, and come to clinical attention when a mass is discovered incidentally on routine dental X-rays. [2] When patients are symptomatic, they present with non-specific symptoms, such as chronic sinusitis, rhinorrhea, obstruction, pain, facial enlargement and possibly visual changes.