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Rescued male migrants are brought to southern Italian ports, 28 June 2015. Immigration to Europe has a long history, but increased substantially after World War II. Western European countries, especially, saw high growth in immigration post 1945, and many European nations today (particularly those of the EU-15) have sizeable immigrant populations, both of European and non-European origin.
For non-EU-citizen permanent residents in the EU, movement between EU-member states is considerably more difficult. After 155 new waves of accession to the European Union, earlier members have often introduced measures to restrict participation in "their" labour markets by citizens of the new EU-member states.
These are lists of countries by foreign-born population and lists of countries by number native-born persons living in a foreign country (emigrants).. According to the United Nations, in 2019, the United States, Germany, Saudi Arabia, Russia, and France had the largest number of immigrants of any country, while Tuvalu, Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, and Tokelau had the lowest.
Immigration to Germany as a non-EU-citizen is limited to skilled or highly educated workers and their immediate family members. [76] In April 2012, European Blue Card legislation was implemented in Germany, allowing highly skilled non-EU citizens easier access to work and live in Germany. Although uptake of the scheme has grown steadily since ...
Before hiring a non-EU/EFTA national, the employer must demonstrate that no suitable candidate from Switzerland or an EU/EFTA state is available for the position. Furthermore, the salary, social security contributions, and employment terms for foreign workers must comply with customary standards in the relevant Swiss region, profession, and sector.
Economic recovery, NHR, EU pensioners, Golden Visa and Sephardi Jews: 2014–2019. A Portuguese residence permit issued to non-EU citizens. Following the recovery of the Portuguese economy starting in 2014, immigration to Portugal increased once again. From 2014 to 2019, emigration decreased by 42.8% while immigration increased by 413%. [105]
When comparing native-born Swedes to non-EU immigrants, the employment gap between the two groups is even higher at 22.5 percent [80] This is in contrast with the U.S., where native-born Americans are around 2.5 percent more likely to be unemployed than immigrants.
The integration law for immigrants to the Netherlands, known as the Civil Integration Act 2021 (Dutch: Wet inburgering 2021), is a law designed to ensure that long-term immigrants to the Netherlands, who are not citizens of the European Union, European Economic Area (Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway) or Switzerland, integrate into Dutch society.