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Jamaican posses originated in the slums of Kingston as gangs of enforcers for the Jamaica Labour Party, led by Edward Seaga, and the rival People's National Party, headed by Michael Manley. [2] The term "posse" was adopted from Hollywood Western films, which were popular in Kingston and other impoverished areas in Jamaica.
Lester Lloyd Coke, commonly known as Jim Brown, [2] was a Jamaican drug lord and the founder of the Shower Posse, a gang based out of the Tivoli Gardens [3] garrison community in West Kingston. Coke was identified by the Netflix documentary ReMastered: Who Shot the Sheriff ? as present and a party to the shooting of Bob Marley on 3 December 1976.
Another view is that it is a reference to the gang showering opponents with bullets. [1] A third theory is that the gang got its name from the Jamaica Labour Party (JLP) election slogan 'Shower', which was a response to the PNP's 'Power' that was coined from Manley's 'Power for the people' slogan in the 1970s. [6]
Claude Massop (12 May 1947 – 4 February 1979) was the leader and strongman of the Phoenix Gang, later renamed the Shower Posse, belonging to Tivoli Gardens, Wellington Street, Rema, Denham Town and the surrounding areas of West Kingston, Jamaica.
Donovan "Bulbie" Bennett (c. 1964 – 30 October 2005) was a Jamaican criminal [1] and gang leader [2] of the Klansman (or Klans Massive) based in Spanish Town, St. Catherine. He was formerly listed by the Jamaica Constabulary Force as number one of Jamaica's top ten most wanted criminals for over ten years before his death. [3]
Holness in late January offered to send Jamaican troops and police officers to help Haiti take on warring gangs.
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The Jamaican political conflict is a long-standing feud between right-wing and left-wing elements in the country, often exploding into violence. The Jamaican Labour Party (JLP) and the People's National Party (PNP) have fought for control of the island for years and the rivalry has encouraged urban warfare in Kingston.