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The Dutch process was developed in the early 19th century by Dutch chocolate maker Coenraad Johannes van Houten, whose father Casparus was responsible for the development of the method of removing fat from cocoa beans by hydraulic press around 1828, forming the basis for cocoa powder. These developments greatly expanded the use of cocoa, and ...
Coenraad Johannes van Houten (15 March 1801 – 27 May 1887) was a Dutch chemist and chocolate maker known for the treatment of cocoa mass with alkaline salts to remove the bitter taste and make cocoa solids more water-soluble; the resulting product is still called "Dutch process chocolate".
Cocoa butter is 46% to 57% of the weight of cocoa beans and gives chocolate its characteristic melting properties. Cocoa powder is the powdered form of the dry solids with a small remaining amount of cocoa butter. Untreated cocoa powder is bitter and acidic. Dutch process cocoa has been treated with an alkali to neutralize the acid.
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Dutch-process cocoa is more commonly used in European-style cakes and confections, where its subtle chocolate flavor is preferred to the strong taste of regular cocoa. But for chocolate cakes and ...
in the alkalization of cocoa powder to produce Dutch process chocolate by balancing the pH (i.e., reduce the acidity) of natural cocoa beans; it also enhances aroma—the process of adding potassium carbonate to cocoa powder is usually called "Dutching" (and the products referred to as Dutch-processed cocoa powder), as the process was first ...
Cocoa nibs, more properly known as cacao nibs, come from the beans (or seeds) of the cacao tree. The fruit of the tree is the cacao pod; each pod contains about 20 to 50 cacao beans.
Cocoa powder may have a fat content of about 12%, [101] but this varies significantly. [102] Cocoa butter is used in chocolate bar manufacture, other confectionery, soaps, and cosmetics. [citation needed] Treating with an alkali produces Dutch process cocoa, which is less acidic, darker, and more mellow in flavor than untreated cocoa. Regular ...