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The Open Polar Sea was a conjectured ice-free body of water that was believed to encircle the North Pole.Although this theory was widely accepted and served as a basis for many exploratory expeditions aimed at reaching the North Pole by sea or discovering a navigable route between Europe and the Pacific via the North Pole, it was ultimately proven to be untrue.
HMS Racehorse and HMS Carcass in the ice, engraving after John Cleveley the Younger, from Phipps' 1774 book. The 1773 Phipps expedition towards the North Pole was a British Royal Navy expedition suggested by the Royal Society and especially its vice president Daines Barrington, who believed in an ice-free Open Polar Sea.
Explorers thought that an Open Polar Sea close to the North Pole must exist. [17] The belief that a route lay to the far north persisted for several centuries and led to numerous expeditions into the Arctic. Many ended in disaster, including that by Sir John Franklin in 1845.
Jeannette at Le Havre in 1878, prior to her departure for San Francisco in a trip that would see her round Cape Horn. The Jeannette expedition of 1879–1881, officially called the U.S. Arctic Expedition, was an attempt led by George W. De Long to reach the North Pole by pioneering a route from the Pacific Ocean through the Bering Strait.
1958: USS Nautilus (SSN-571) crosses the Arctic Ocean from the Pacific to the Atlantic beneath the polar sea ice, reaching the North Pole on 3 August 1958; 1959: Discoverer 1, a prototype with no camera, is the first satellite in polar orbit [10] 1959: USS Skate (SSN-578) becomes first submarine to surface at the North Pole on 17 March 1959
People say the videos haven given them a brand-new irrational fear: “Being in peril in the North Sea,” as @shawbag2.0 said in a video. “It’s given me the distinct feeling that the North ...
Majestic, increasingly hungry and at risk of disappearing, the polar bear is dependent on something melting away on our warming planet: sea ice. In the harsh and unforgiving Arctic, where frigid ...
Up to this time, it had been a popular theory that this route would lead to the supposed Open Polar Sea, an ice-free region surrounding the pole, but Nares found only a wasteland of ice. A sledging party under Commander Albert Hastings Markham set a new record, Farthest North of 83° 20′ 26″ N.