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Either the flash is firing too late or the shutter speed is too fast (shutter moving vertically). Note the different exposure levels. In photography, flash synchronization or flash sync is the synchronizing the firing of a photographic flash with the opening of the shutter admitting light to photographic film or electronic image sensor. PC-socket
High-end flash units address this problem by offering a mode, typically called FP sync or HSS (High Speed Sync), which fires the flash tube multiple times during the time the slit traverses the sensor. Such units require communication with the camera and are thus dedicated to a particular camera make.
The original camera was released with some incremental improvements (such as a higher flash-sync speed) in 1984, and this later version is commonly referred to as the FM2n (for 'new', due to the N preceding the serial number on the rear of the top plate), although both versions are labelled as the FM2 on the front of the camera body.
Flash; Flash: Onboard pop-up flash; hot shoe for P-TTL flash units with high-speed sync support; PC socket for studio flashes; 1/180 s X-sync speed: Shutter; Shutter speed range: 30 – 1/8000 s, Bulb: Continuous shooting: Up to 7 fps: Viewfinder; Viewfinder: Eye-level pentaprism, near-100% coverage, 0.92× magnification: Image processing ...
It also allows it to sync to flashes at any shutter speed, up to its minimum shutter speed of 1/80000 second. This is in contrast to mechanical or electronic rolling shutters that have a longer minimum flash sync speed than the camera's minimum shutter speed.
The shutter is rated to 200,000 shots and is capable of speeds up to 1/8000 s, with a flash sync speed of 1/250 s. Using compatible external flashes, flash sync speeds up to 1/8000 s are possible. Additionally, the camera can be set to automatically delay its shutter release to compensate for flickering electric lights. [7]
Like the 380EX, the 420EX did not provide user controls (other than enabling and disabling high-speed sync); any flash-related settings, such as exposure compensation or second-curtain synchronization, had to be set using the body.
This decision forced many disappointed press photographers to use Nikon's semi-pro bodies (FM, FE, FM2, FE2, etc.) instead when higher sync speeds were needed, usually for fill flash in daylight situations. The F4 finally solved this sync speed deficiency with Nikon's pro-grade SLR offerings with its 250th sync.