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The bruise then remains visible until the blood is either absorbed by tissues or cleared by immune system action. Bruises which do not blanch under pressure can involve capillaries at the level of skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscle, or bone. [4] [5] Bruises are not to be confused with other similar-looking lesions.
The Lund and Browder chart is a tool useful in the management of burns for estimating the total body surface area affected. It was created by Dr. Charles Lund, Senior Surgeon at Boston City Hospital, and Dr. Newton Browder, based on their experiences in treating over 300 burn victims injured at the Cocoanut Grove fire in Boston in 1942.
For children and infants, the Lund and Browder chart is used to assess the burned body surface area. Different percentages are used because the ratio of the combined surface area of the head and neck to the surface area of the limbs is typically larger in children than that of an adult. [2] Typical values for common groups of humans follow. [3 ...
5% body surface area for each arm; 20% BSA for each leg; 50% for the trunk, and; 2% for the head. Other studies have found that the rule of nines tends to over-estimate total burn area, [5] and that ratings can be subjective, [6] but that it can be performed quickly and easily, and provide reasonable estimates for initial management of burn ...
Cutaneous innervation of the upper limbs is the nerve supply to areas of the skin of the upper limbs (including the arm, forearm, and hand) which are supplied by specific cutaneous nerves. Modern texts are in agreement about which areas of the skin are served by which cutaneous nerves, but there are minor variations in some of the details.
The trunk of the body contains, from superior to inferior, the thoracic region encompassing the chest [1] the mammary region encompassing each breast; the sternal region encompassing the sternum; the abdominal region encompassing the stomach area; the umbilical region is located around the navel; the coxal region encompassing the lateral (side ...
Dwayne Johnson has big arms and a big bruise. (Jerod Harris/Getty Images for CinemaCon) (Jerod Harris via Getty Images) From muscles to action movies, Dwayne “the Rock” Johnson does everything ...
The head rests on the top part of the vertebral column, with the skull joining at C1 (the first cervical vertebra known as the atlas). The skeletal section of the head and neck forms the top part of the axial skeleton and is made up of the skull, hyoid bone, auditory ossicles, and cervical spine. The skull can be further subdivided into: