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The strong bonding of metals in liquid form demonstrates that the energy of a metallic bond is not highly dependent on the direction of the bond; this lack of bond directionality is a direct consequence of electron delocalization, and is best understood in contrast to the directional bonding of covalent bonds.
Ionic bonding, which forms ionic solids; Metallic bonding, which forms metallic solids; Weak inter molecular bonding, which forms molecular solids (sometimes anomalously called "covalent solids") Typical members of these classes have distinctive electron distributions, [2] thermodynamic, electronic, and mechanical properties. In particular, the ...
Structure of (Me 4 N +) 2 [Fe(C 2 B 9 H 11) 2] +, showing only one Me 4 N +. [4] Closely related are the metal complexes containing H 3 C 3 B 2 R 2 ligands. [7] In addition to these, other sandwich complexes containing purely inorganic ligands are known, such as Fe(C 5 Me 5)(P 5) and [(P 5) 2 Ti] 2−. [8]
Chelation (/ k iː ˈ l eɪ ʃ ən /) is a type of bonding of ions and their molecules to metal ions. It involves the formation or presence of two or more separate coordinate bonds between a polydentate (multiple bonded) ligand and a single central metal atom.
The greater stabilization that results from metal-to-ligand bonding is caused by the donation of negative charge away from the metal ion, towards the ligands. This allows the metal to accept the σ bonds more easily. The combination of ligand-to-metal σ-bonding and metal-to-ligand π-bonding is a synergic effect, as each enhances the other.
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[1] [2] A weak bond can also be achieved at room temperature. [3] Diffusion bonding is usually implemented by applying high pressure, in conjunction with necessarily high temperature, to the materials to be welded; the technique is most commonly used to weld "sandwiches" of alternating layers of thin metal foil, and metal wires or filaments. [4]
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