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Antiretroviral drugs are used to manage HIV/AIDS. Multiple antiretroviral drugs are often combined into a single pill in order to reduce pill burden . Some of these combinations are complete single-tablet regimens; the others must be combined with additional pills to make a treatment regimen.
Schematic description of the mechanism of the four classes of available antiretroviral drugs against HIV. There are six classes of drugs, which are usually used in combination, to treat HIV infection. Antiretroviral (ARV) drugs are broadly classified by the phase of the retrovirus life-cycle that the drug inhibits. Typical combinations include ...
Lactic acidosis (excess lactic acid in blood) is a rare and potentially fatal side effect. It is characterized by the following symptoms: deep and rapid breathing, tiredness or weakness, nausea, vomiting, abnormal muscle pain, dizziness or drowsiness; Serious liver problems, such as hepatomegaly (enlarged liver) and steatosis (fatty liver).
Emtricitabine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) of HIV-1. Tenofovir is a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor of HIV-1, and it can be classified as an NtRTI. These three drugs work in combination to target the HIV reverse transcriptase protein in three ways, which reduces the virus's capacity to mutate. [5]
Side effects may include trouble sleeping, weight gain, and rash. [2] [3] While there are concerns that use during pregnancy results in a 0.2% increased risk of neural tube defects in the baby, this does not rule out its use. [2] Use remains recommended after the first trimester. [2] Use is not recommended in those with kidney problems. [3]
Common side effects include diarrhea, vomiting, feeling tired, headaches, and muscle pains. [4] Severe side effects may include pancreatitis, liver problems, and high blood sugar. [4] It is commonly used in pregnancy and it appears to be safe. [4] Both medications are HIV protease inhibitors. [4]
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