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The canal is formed by a vertical groove on the posterior part of the maxillary surface of the palatine bone; it is converted into a canal by articulation with the maxilla. The canal transmits the descending palatine vessels , the greater palatine nerve , and the lesser palatine nerve .
Greater palatine foramen. The greater palatine foramen (GPF) is related to the upper 3rd molar tooth in most of the skulls (55%), 2nd molar in (12%), between the 2nd and 3rd molar in (19%) and retromolar in (14%).
It descends through the greater palatine canal, moving anteriorly and inferiorly. [1] [2] Here, it is accompanied by the descending palatine artery. [1] It emerges upon the hard palate through the greater palatine foramen. It then passes forward in a groove in the hard palate, nearly as far as the incisor teeth.
They then enter the alveolar canals on the infratemporal surface of the maxilla, and, passing from behind forward in the substance of the bone, communicate with the middle superior alveolar nerve, and give off branches to the lining membrane of the maxillary sinus and gingival and dental branches to each molar tooth from a superior dental ...
Root canal anatomy consists of the pulp chamber and root canals. Both contain the dental pulp. The smaller branches, referred to as accessory canals, are most frequently found near the root end (apex), but may be encountered anywhere along the root length. The total number of root canals per tooth depends on the number of the tooth roots ...
The internal canal morphology is highly variable, but the majority of the mesiobuccal roots contain two canals. The distobuccal root is generally rounded or ovoid in cross section and usually contains a single canal. The palatal root is more broad mesiodistally than buccolingually and ovoidal in shape but normally contains only a single canal.