Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
A cladogram (from Greek clados "branch" and gramma "character") is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations among organisms. A cladogram is not, however, an evolutionary tree because it does not show how ancestors are related to descendants, nor does it show how much they have changed, so many differing evolutionary trees can be ...
Michel C. Milinkovitch and Raphaël Helaers MicrobeTrace: MicrobeTrace is a free, browser-based web application. 2D and 3D network visualization tool, Neighbor-joining tree visualization, Gantt charts, bubbles charts, networks visualized on maps, flow diagrams, aggregate tables, epi curves, histograms, alignment viewer, and much more.
UPGMA (unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean) is a simple agglomerative (bottom-up) hierarchical clustering method. It also has a weighted variant, WPGMA, and they are generally attributed to Sokal and Michener.
A phylogenetic network is any graph used to visualize evolutionary relationships (either abstractly or explicitly) [1] between nucleotide sequences, genes, chromosomes, genomes, or species. [2] They are employed when reticulation events such as hybridization, horizontal gene transfer, recombination, or gene duplication and loss are believed to ...
The idea of a tree of life arose from ancient notions of a ladder-like progression from lower into higher forms of life (such as in the Great Chain of Being).Early representations of "branching" phylogenetic trees include a "paleontological chart" showing the geological relationships among plants and animals in the book Elementary Geology, by Edward Hitchcock (first edition: 1840).
For a clustering example, suppose that five taxa (to ) have been clustered by UPGMA based on a matrix of genetic distances.The hierarchical clustering dendrogram would show a column of five nodes representing the initial data (here individual taxa), and the remaining nodes represent the clusters to which the data belong, with the arrows representing the distance (dissimilarity).
Phylogenetic diversity is a measure of biodiversity which incorporates phylogenetic difference between species. It is defined and calculated as "the sum of the lengths of all those branches that are members of the corresponding minimum spanning path ", [ 1 ] in which 'branch' is a segment of a cladogram , and the minimum spanning path is the ...
A cladogram in the form of an unrooted binary tree, representing the similarities and evolutionary history among species of actinobacteria. In mathematics and computer science, an unrooted binary tree is an unrooted tree in which each vertex has either one or three neighbors.