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Glycine is a required co-agonist along with glutamate for NMDA receptors. In contrast to the inhibitory role of glycine in the spinal cord, this behaviour is facilitated at the glutamatergic receptors which are excitatory. [41] The LD 50 of glycine is 7930 mg/kg in rats (oral), [42] and it usually causes death by hyperexcitability. [citation ...
Trimethylglycine is an amino acid derivative with the formula (CH 3) 3 N + CH 2 CO − 2.A colorless, water-soluble solid, it occurs in plants. [5] Trimethylglycine is a zwitterion: the molecule contains both a quaternary ammonium group and a carboxylate group.
Kidney toxicity [5] associated with kidney failure; associated with development of cancer, particularly of the urinary tract, known carcinogen [8] [9] Atractylate Atractylis gummifera: Liver damage, [3] nausea, vomiting, epigastric and abdominal pain, diarrhoea, anxiety, headache and convulsions, often followed by coma [10]
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The glycine N-acyltransferase enzyme is involved in the detoxification of a wide range of xenobiotic and endogenous metabolites. These include benzoic acid , a compound found in fruits and vegetables and used in medicine and foodstuffs as a preservative; salicylic acid , a metabolite of aspirin; and several endogenous metabolites.
Biochemically, hippuric acid is produced from benzoic acid and glycine, which occurs in the liver, intestine, and kidneys. [5] In terms of mechanism, benzoic acid is converted to benzoyl CoA, an acylating agent. [6] Hippuric acid may be formed from the essential amino acid phenylalanine through at least two pathways.