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  2. Calcium oxalate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_oxalate

    Calcium oxalate (in archaic terminology, oxalate of lime) is a calcium salt of oxalic acid with the chemical formula CaC 2 O 4 or Ca(COO) 2. It forms hydrates CaC 2 O 4 · n H 2 O , where n varies from 1 to 3.

  3. Weddellite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weddellite

    Weddellite, or calcium oxalate dihydrate, crystallises in a tetragonal system: the classic crystal shape is the eight-face bipyramid. Using bright field microscopy, the weddellite crystals are recognised easily by their shape, reminiscent of a postal envelope. More complex shapes of weddellite are possible; the dumbbell shape is not rare and ...

  4. Bladder stone (animal) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bladder_stone_(animal)

    Two types naturally occur, calcium oxalate monohydrate, or whewellite (CaC 2 O 4 ·H 2 O), and calcium oxalate dihydrate, or weddellite (CaC 2 O 4 ·2H 2 O). Their appearance can be rough, smooth, spiculated (needle-like), or jackstone. Calcium oxalate stones form more readily in animals with hypercalcaemia, which can be caused by Addison's ...

  5. Oxalate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxalate

    Oxalate (systematic IUPAC name: ethanedioate) is an anion with the chemical formula C 2 O 2− 4.This dianion is colorless. It occurs naturally, including in some foods. It forms a variety of salts, for example sodium oxalate (Na 2 C 2 O 4), and several esters such as dimethyl oxalate ((CH 3) 2 C 2 O 4).

  6. Druse (botany) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Druse_(botany)

    A druse is a group of crystals of calcium oxalate, [1] silicates, or carbonates present in plants, and are thought to be a defense against herbivory due to their toxicity. . Calcium oxalate (Ca(COO) 2, CaOx) crystals are found in algae, angiosperms and gymnosperms in more than 215 fami

  7. Taro - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taro

    The natural sugars give a sweet, nutty flavor. The starch is easily digestible, and since the grains are fine and small it is often used for baby food. [citation needed] In its raw form, the plant is toxic due to the presence of calcium oxalate, [70] [71] and the presence of needle-shaped raphides in the plant cells.

  8. Raphide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raphide

    Raphides in Epipremnum Devil's ivy (600× magnification). Raphides (/ ˈ r æ f ɪ d i z / RAF-id-eez; singular raphide / ˈ r eɪ f aɪ d / RAY-fyde or raphis) are needle-shaped crystals of calcium oxalate monohydrate (prismatic monoclinic crystals) or calcium carbonate as aragonite (dipyramidal orthorhombic crystals), found in more than 200 families of plants.

  9. Cryptothecia rubrocincta - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptothecia_rubrocincta

    The elliptical brown-colored flecks, which can be observed in both the red and pink zones of the thallus, are made of confluentic acid and calcium oxalate monohydrate. The monohydrate is thought to be a more chemically stable metabolic byproduct of calcium oxalate dihydrate; the function of confluentic acid in the brown flecks is unclear. [18]