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Selenium is toxic in high concentrations. As sodium selenite, the chronic toxic dose for human beings was described as about 2.4 to 3 milligrams of selenium per day. [7] In 2000, the US Institute of Medicine set the adult Tolerable upper intake levels (UL) for selenium from all sources - food, drinking water and dietary supplements - at 400 μg/day. [8]
Selenite refers to the anion with the chemical formula Se O 2− 3. It is the oxyanion of selenium. It is the selenium analog of the sulfite ion, SO 2− 3. Thus selenite is pyramidal and selenium is assigned oxidation state +4. Selenite also refers to compounds that contains this ion, for example sodium selenite Na 2 SeO 3 which is a common ...
Sodium selenate is produced by oxidation of selenium, first with nitric acid, producing selenous acid. The selenous acid is neutralized to form sodium selenite. The sodium selenite is oxidized in a basic medium hydrogen peroxide to form a selenate, which is then spray-dried. [3] Se + 2HNO 3 → H 2 SeO 3 + NO + NO 2 H 2 SeO 3 + Na 2 CO 3 → Na ...
Sodium hydrogen selenite is an inorganic chemical consisting of a ratio of one hydrogen, one sodium, three oxygen, and one selenium atom. It is the sodium salt of the conjugate base of selenous acid. This compound finds therapeutic application for providing the essential trace element selenium. Its preparation involves reacting sodium hydroxide ...
The element selenium exhibits several valence states. Selenate is the least reduced, followed by selenite, and elemental selenium; selenide is even more reduced than elemental selenium. [6] The valence state is an important factor to the toxicity of selenium. Selenate is the form required by organisms that need selenium as a micronutrient.
Selenium trioxide is produced in the laboratory by the reaction of anhydrous potassium selenate (K 2 SeO 4) and sulfur trioxide (SO 3). [7] Salts of selenous acid are called selenites. These include silver selenite (Ag 2 SeO 3) and sodium selenite (Na 2 SeO 3). Hydrogen sulfide reacts with aqueous selenous acid to produce selenium disulfide:
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Selenium occurs naturally in a number of inorganic forms, including selenide, selenate, and selenite, but these minerals are rare. The common mineral selenite is not a selenium mineral, and contains no selenite ion, but is rather a type of gypsum (calcium sulfate hydrate) named like selenium for the moon well before the discovery of selenium ...