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The Alvars (Tamil: ஆழ்வார், romanized: Āḻvār, lit. 'The Immersed') were the Tamil poet-saints of South India who espoused bhakti (devotion) to the Hindu preserver deity Vishnu, in their songs of longing, ecstasy, and service. [2] They are venerated in Vaishnavism, which regards Vishnu as the Ultimate Reality.
Avvaiyar (Tamil: ஔவையார்) was a Tamil poet who lived during the Sangam period and is said to have had cordial relations with the Tamil chieftains Vēl Pāri and Athiyamān. She wrote 59 poems in the Puṟanāṉūṟu. [1] A plaque on a statue of the poet in Chennai suggests the first century BCE for her birthdate.
This type of information is rarely found in other classical Tamil literature. An epilogue ( patikams )is at the end of each ten. The theme, rhythm, metre, name and epilogues were added by the authors of the patikams at a later date, before the commentaries were written; the patikams , as well as the verses, have been annotated.
The influence of the Tamil bhakti saints and those of later northern Bhakti leaders ultimately helped spread bhakti poetry and ideas throughout all the Indian subcontinent by the 18th century CE. [42] [49] However, outside of the Tamil speaking regions, the bhakti movement arrived much later, mostly in the second millennium.
Avvaiyar was a Tamil poet who lived during the period of Kambar and Ottakoothar during the reign of the Chola dynasty in the twelfth century. [1] She is often imagined as an old and intelligent lady by Tamil people. Many poems and the Avvai Kural, comprising 310 kurals in 31 chapters, belong to this period.
South India in Sangam Period. In Old Tamil language, the term Tamilakam (Tamiḻakam, Purananuru 168. 18) referred to the whole of the ancient Tamil-speaking area, [web 1] corresponding roughly to the area known as southern India today, consisting of the territories of the present-day Indian states of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, parts of Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka.
Tamilakam in the Sangam Period. Tamilakam comprised that part of India south of the Maurya Empire c. 250 BCE.. Tamilakam (Tamil: தமிழகம், romanized: Tamiḻakam) was the geographical region inhabited by the ancient Tamil people, covering the southernmost region of the Indian subcontinent.
[6] [7] There are mentions in Paṭṭiṉappālai that many Tamilians worshiped tall pillars or posts as Mayon (Vishnu). [8] There are Many mentions of Maha Vishnu throughout the poem. [9] There are temples present even now, where Maha Vishnu is worshiped in a pillar form. A well known example is the Kaliyuga Varadaraja Perumal Temple. [10]