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An eye chart is a chart used to measure visual acuity comprising lines of optotypes in ranges of sizes. Optotypes are the letters or symbols shown on an eye chart. [ 1 ] Eye charts are often used by health care professionals, such as optometrists , physicians and nurses , to screen persons for vision impairment .
A Snellen chart is an eye chart that can be used to measure visual acuity. Snellen charts are named after the Dutch ophthalmologist Herman Snellen who developed the chart in 1862 as a measurement tool for the acuity formula developed by his professor Franciscus Cornelius Donders .
The Jaeger chart is an eye chart used in testing near visual acuity. It is a card on which paragraphs of text are printed, with the text sizes increasing from 0.37 mm to 2.5 mm. [ 1 ] This card is to be held by a patient at a fixed distance from the eye dependent on the J size being read.
Physicians' Desk Reference. Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy. PDT: photodynamic therapy: PDVT: postoperative deep-vein thrombosis PE: pulmonary embolism [1] pre-eclampsia pleural effusion physical examination [1] PEA: pulseless electrical activity: PERRLA: pupils equal, round and reactive to light [3] PEB: cisplatin, etoposide, and bleomycin ...
Eye examination for visual acuity The LogMAR – ETDRS Chart, designed in 1976, to test for visual acuity. Visual acuity is a measure of the spatial resolution of the visual processing system.
"The front of the eye gets oxygen from ambient air and nutrients from the tear film. Contact lenses block both of these and can cause severe inflammation even without an infection."
The chart was designed by Ian Bailey [5] and Jan E. Lovie-Kitchin at the National Vision Research Institute of Australia. [1] [3] They described their motivation for designing the LogMAR chart as follows: "We have designed a series of near vision charts in which the typeface, size progression, size range, number of words per row and spacings were chosen in an endeavour to achieve a ...
An eye examination, commonly known as an eye test, [1] is a series of tests performed to assess vision and ability to focus on and discern objects. [2] It also includes other tests and examinations of the eyes. [2] Eye examinations are primarily performed by an optometrist, ophthalmologist, or an orthoptist.