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Chronic stress is a term sometimes used to differentiate it from acute stress. Definitions differ, and may be along the lines of continual activation of the stress response, [ 43 ] stress that causes an allostatic shift in bodily functions, [ 5 ] or just as "prolonged stress". [ 44 ]
Prolonged stress can disturb the immune, digestive, cardiovascular, sleep, and reproductive systems. [17] For example, it was found that: Chronic stress reduces resistance of infection and inflammation, and might even cause the immune system to attack itself. [27] Stress responses can cause atrophy of muscles and increases in blood pressure. [28]
Various health professionals ruled out such factors as Gardasil, drinking water contamination, illegal drugs, carbon monoxide poisoning and various other potential environmental or infectious causes, before diagnosing the students with a conversion disorder and mass psychogenic illness. [37]
However, having certain underlying conditions may make you more prone to stress-induced diarrhea than other people, Dr. Farhadi says. Those can include: Irritable bowel syndrome
Cell damage (also known as cell injury) is a variety of changes of stress that a cell suffers due to external as well as internal environmental changes. Amongst other causes, this can be due to physical, chemical, infectious, biological, nutritional or immunological factors. Cell damage can be reversible or irreversible.
Cellular stress response is the wide range of molecular changes that cells undergo in response to environmental stressors, including extremes of temperature, exposure to toxins, and mechanical damage. Cellular stress responses can also be caused by some viral infections. [1]
The term stress ulcer is a proper medical term and should not be misinterpreted as indicating that these ulcers are caused by emotional stress. Here the term stress refers to extreme physiological changes in the body. Another distinction between peptic and stress ulcers is their location in the upper gastrointestinal tract.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to concepts related to infectious diseases in humans.. Infection – transmission, entry/invasion after evading/overcoming defense, establishment, and replication of disease-causing microscopic organisms (pathogens) inside a host organism, and the reaction of host tissues to them and to the toxins they produce.