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Antiemetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of opioid analgesics, general anaesthetics, and chemotherapy directed against cancer. They may be used for severe cases of gastroenteritis, especially if the patient is dehydrated. [1] [2]
Gastritis is the inflammation of the lining of the stomach. [1] It may occur as a short episode or may be of a long duration. [1] There may be no symptoms but, when symptoms are present, the most common is upper abdominal pain (see dyspepsia). [1]
Antibiotics will not be effective if the cause of gastroenteritis is a viral infection. Doctors usually do not recommend antidiarrheal medications (e.g., Loperamide) for gastroenteritis because they tend to prolong infection, especially in children. [2] Parasitic infections are difficult to treat. A number of drugs are available once the ...
Gastroenteritis is usually caused by viruses; [4] however, gut bacteria, parasites, and fungi can also cause gastroenteritis. [2] [4] In children, rotavirus is the most common cause of severe disease. [10] In adults, norovirus and Campylobacter are common causes.
Loperamide, sold under the brand name Imodium, among others, [1] is a medication of the opioid receptor agonist class used to decrease the frequency of diarrhea. [5] [4] It is often used for this purpose in irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, short bowel syndrome, [4] Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis. [5]
The most common side effect seen is constipation (2–3%). Less commonly reported side effects (<0.5%) include flatulence, headache, hypophosphatemia, xerostomia (dry mouth), and bezoar formation. [24] [25] [26] Use of this drug is not recommended for people with chronic kidney failure, as it might cause aluminium accumulation and toxicity.
Metopimazine is an approved prescription drug in France under the brand name Vogalene® [8] that has been used for the treatment of nausea and vomiting. [9] Vogalene® is available under different forms, including 15 mg capsules, 7.5 mg orally disintegrating tablets, 5 mg suppository, 0.1% oral liquid, and a 10 mg/mL intravenous (IV) solution approved for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced ...
Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat a number of bacterial infections. [5] This includes bone and joint infections, intra-abdominal infections, certain types of infectious diarrhea, respiratory tract infections, skin infections, typhoid fever, and urinary tract infections, among others. [5]