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Darius received a response which began "King Alexander to Darius". In the letter, Alexander blamed Darius for his father's death and claimed Darius was but a vulgar usurper, who planned to take Macedonia. He agreed to return the prisoners without ransom, but told Darius that he and Alexander were not equals, and that Darius was to henceforth ...
This is a chronological summary of the expedition of Alexander the Great into Asia against the Persian Empire of king Darius III, with indication of the countries/places visited or simply crossed, including the most important battles/sieges and the cities founded (Alexandrias). The events of the expedition are shown in chronological order.
As with most ancient battles, significant carnage occurred after the battle as the pursuing Greeks slaughtered their crowded, disorganized foe. Arrian notes Ptolemy mentioning that while pursuing Darius, Alexander and his bodyguards came upon a ravine which they easily crossed on the piled up bodies of dead Persians. It was a decisive victory ...
Daniel 8:5–8 and 21–22 states that a King of Greece will conquer the Medes and Persians but then die at the height of his power and have his kingdom broken into four kingdoms. This is sometimes taken as a reference to Alexander. Alexander is briefly mentioned in the first Book of the Maccabees. In chapter 1, verses 1–7 are about Alexander ...
The military tactics of Alexander the Great (356 BC - 323 BC) have been widely regarded as evidence that he was one of the greatest generals in history. During the Battle of Chaeronea (338 BC), won against the Athenian and Theban armies, and the battles of Granicius (334 BC) and of Issus (333 BC), won against the Achaemenid Persian army of Darius III, Alexander employed the so-called "hammer ...
Darius I later conquered an additional province that he calls "Hidลซš" in his inscriptions (Old Persian cuneiform: ๐๐ก๐ฏ๐ข๐, H-i-du-u-š, also transliterated as Hi n dลซš since the nasal "n" before consonants was omitted in the Old Persian script, and simplified as Hindush), corresponding to the Indus Valley.
Bessus or Bessos (Old Persian: *Bayaçฤ; Ancient Greek: Βฮฎσσος), also known by his throne name Artaxerxes V (Old Persian: ๐ ๐ผ๐ซ๐ง๐๐๐ Artaxšaçฤสฐ; Ancient Greek: แผρταξฮญρξης; died summer 329 BC), was a Persian satrap of the eastern Achaemenid satrapy of Bactria, as well as the self-proclaimed King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire from 330 to 329 BC.
Greek Warfare: From the Battle of Marathon to the Conquests of Alexander the Great. ABC-CLIO. Green, Peter (1974). Alexander of Macedon: A Historical Biography. ISBN 978-0-520-07166-7; Green, Peter (1991). Alexander of Macedon, 356–323 B.C.: A Historical Biography. University of California Press. Kistler, John M. (2006). War Elephants ...