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A drug test (also often toxicology screen or tox screen) is a technical analysis of a biological specimen, for example urine, hair, blood, breath, sweat, or oral fluid/saliva—to determine the presence or absence of specified parent drugs or their metabolites.
In toxicology, the median lethal dose, LD 50 (abbreviation for "lethal dose, 50%"), LC 50 (lethal concentration, 50%) or LCt 50 is a toxic unit that measures the lethal dose of a given substance. [1] The value of LD 50 for a substance is the dose required to kill half the members of a tested population after a specified test duration.
Toxicology testing, also known as safety assessment, or toxicity testing, is the process of determining the degree to which a substance of interest negatively impacts the normal biological functions of an organism, given a certain exposure duration, route of exposure, and substance concentration.
The MATC can be applied to the results of an acute toxicity test to obtain a concentration that would protect against adverse effects during an acute exposure. An LC 50 , or the concentration at which 50% of the organisms die during an acute toxicity test is used to derive a value called the acute to chronic ratio (ACR).
Toxicology results may reveal that someone very likely died of fentanyl intoxication, for example, but they won’t show if they had endocarditis or a brain abscess, common conditions in chronic ...
In toxicology it is specifically the highest tested dose or concentration of a substance (i.e. a drug or chemical) or agent (e.g. radiation), at which no such adverse effect is found in exposed test organisms where higher doses or concentrations resulted in an adverse effect. [3] [4] [5]
On Thursday, Nov. 7, a press release by the National Criminal and Correctional Prosecutor's Office No. 14 revealed that the former One Direction member's toxicology results are in and have been ...
Officials told AP on Thursday that test results have revealed Prince died of an opioid overdose.