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The olive wreath, also known as kotinos (Greek: κότινος), [1] was the prize for the winner at the ancient Olympic Games. It was a branch of the wild olive tree [ 2 ] Kallistefanos Elea [ 3 ] (also referred to as Elaia Kallistephanos ) [ 4 ] that grew at Olympia , [ 5 ] intertwined to form a circle or a horse-shoe.
[29] [30] [31] The Olympic Games were held at four-year intervals, and later, the ancient historians' method of counting the years even referred to these games, using Olympiad for the period between two games. Previously, the local dating systems of the Greek states were used (they continued to be used by everyone except historians), which led ...
From Archaic Greece until late antiquity, wreaths were the prizes competed for at the Panhellenic Games – the Olympic, Pythian, Nemean, and Isthmian Games – the "crown games", each with a different vegetation crown awarded.
The Heraea took place every four years. Some scholars have suggested that the games took place around the time of the ancient Olympics, but there is no ancient evidence for when the Heraea occurred and Donald G. Kyle argues that due to the ancient Greek custom of secluding women from unrelated males, the event was more likely entirely separate from the Olympics.
A papyrus list of Olympic victors, 3rd century A.D., British Library The current list of ancient Olympic victors contains all of the known victors of the ancient Olympic Games from the 1st Games in 776 BC up to 264th in 277 AD, as well as the games of 369 AD before their permanent disbandment in 393 by Roman emperor Theodosius I.
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Euphiletos Painter Panathenaic prize amphora depicting a running race, Metropolitan Museum of Art. In Ancient Greece, the history of running can be traced back to 776 BC. . Running was important to members of ancient Greek society, and is consistently highlighted in documents referencing the Ancient Olympic
Just how far back in history organized contests were held remains a matter of debate, but it is reasonably certain that they occurred in Greece almost 3,000 years ago. . However ancient in origin, by the end of the 6th century BC at least four Greek sporting festivals, sometimes called "classical games," had achieved major importance: the Olympic Games, held at Olympia; the Pythian Games at ...