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Box-drawing characters, also known as line-drawing characters, are a form of semigraphics widely used in text user interfaces to draw various geometric frames and boxes. These characters are characterized by being designed to be connected horizontally and/or vertically with adjacent characters, which requires proper alignment.
The hyphen-minus character is often used when specifying command-line options, a convention popularized by Unix. Examples of the "short" form are -R or -q. A user can specify both by using -Rq. Some implementations allow two hyphen-minuses to specify "long" option names as --recursive or --quiet. These are easier to understand when reading ...
Bresenham's line algorithm is a line drawing algorithm that determines the points of an n-dimensional raster that should be selected in order to form a close approximation to a straight line between two points.
Single color line drawing algorithms involve drawing lines in a single foreground color onto a background. They are well-suited for usage with monochromatic displays. The starting point and end point of the desired line are usually given in integer coordinates, so that they lie directly on the points considered by the algorithm.
Draw a horizontal line to the right of each point and extend it to infinity. Count the number of times the line intersects with polygon edges. A point is inside the polygon if either count of intersections is odd or point lies on an edge of the polygon. If none of the conditions are true, then point lies outside. [4]
This proof is valid only if the line is not horizontal or vertical. [5] Drop a perpendicular from the point P with coordinates (x 0, y 0) to the line with equation Ax + By + C = 0. Label the foot of the perpendicular R. Draw the vertical line through P and label its intersection with the given line S.
Lines less than one pixel long are handled as a special case. An extension to the algorithm for circle drawing was presented by Xiaolin Wu in the book Graphics Gems II. Just as the line drawing algorithm is a replacement for Bresenham's line drawing algorithm, the circle drawing algorithm is a replacement for Bresenham's circle drawing algorithm.
The dash is a punctuation mark consisting of a long horizontal line. It is similar in appearance to the hyphen but is longer and sometimes higher from the baseline.The most common versions are the en dash –, generally longer than the hyphen but shorter than the minus sign; the em dash —, longer than either the en dash or the minus sign; and the horizontal bar ―, whose length varies ...