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Quartz clocks and quartz watches are timepieces that use an electronic oscillator regulated by a quartz crystal to keep time. This crystal oscillator creates a signal with very precise frequency, so that quartz clocks and watches are at least an order of magnitude more accurate than mechanical clocks. Generally, some form of digital logic ...
A crystal oscillator is an electronic oscillator circuit that uses a piezoelectric crystal as a frequency-selective element. [1] [2] [3] The oscillator frequency is often used to keep track of time, as in quartz wristwatches, to provide a stable clock signal for digital integrated circuits, and to stabilize frequencies for radio transmitters and receivers.
Real-time clock, quartz watches and clocks; also the DCF77 frequency 0.100000 10 5 allows decade division to 1 Hz and 1 kHz. Real-time clock, quartz watches and clocks, DMM dual slope ADCs (suppresses 50 Hz noise) 0.120000 DMM dual slope ADCs (suppresses 60 Hz noise) 0.131072 2 17 allows binary division to 1 Hz and 32.768 kHz.
MEMS clock generators are MEMS timing devices with multiple outputs for systems that need more than a single reference frequency. MEMS oscillators are a valid alternative to older, more established quartz crystal oscillators, offering better resilience against vibration and mechanical shock, and reliability with respect to temperature variation.
Most RTCs use a crystal oscillator, [7] [8] but some have the option of using the power line frequency. [9] The crystal frequency is usually 32.768 kHz, [7] the same frequency used in quartz clocks and watches. Being exactly 2 15 cycles per second, it is a convenient rate to use with simple binary counter circuits.
For 300 years, from its discovery around 1582 until development of the quartz clock in the 1930s, the pendulum was the world's standard for accurate timekeeping. [2] [72] In addition to clock pendulums, freeswinging seconds pendulums were widely used as precision timers in scientific experiments in the 17th and 18th centuries. Pendulums require ...