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For S N 2 reactions, typical synthetically useful leaving groups include Cl −, Br −, I −, − OTs, − OMs, − OTf, and H 2 O. Substrates containing phosphate and carboxylate leaving groups are more likely to react by competitive addition-elimination, while sulfonium and ammonium salts generally form ylides or undergo E2 elimination when ...
Lee Chae-rin (born February 26, 1991), [1] better known by her stage name CL, is a South Korean rapper, singer, and songwriter. Born in Seoul , South Korea, she spent much of her early life in Japan and France.
Chloride shift (also known as the Hamburger phenomenon or lineas phenomenon, named after Hartog Jakob Hamburger) is a process which occurs in a cardiovascular system and refers to the exchange of bicarbonate (HCO 3 −) and chloride (Cl −) across the membrane of red blood cells (RBCs). [1]
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CL began a solo career in the US with the release of "Hello Bitches". 2NE1's only group activity in 2015 was a surprise performance at the 2015 Mnet Asian Music Awards in Hong Kong: after CL's performance of her solo singles "The Baddest Female" and "Hello Bitches", 2NE1 reunited to perform "Fire" and "I Am the Best". [101]
dichlorine trioxide, Cl 2 O 3 as possible isomer Cl−O−ClO 2, chlorine (I,V) oxide; dichlorine trioxide, Cl 2 O 3 as hypothetical isomer O−Cl−O−Cl−O, chlorine (III) oxide; dichlorine tetroxide, also known as chlorine perchlorate, Cl 2 O 4 or ClOClO 3, chlorine (I,VII) oxide; dichlorine pentoxide, Cl 2 O 5 or ClOOClO 3, is hypothetical
CLC channels also have dependence on H +, but for gating rather than Cl − exchange. Instead of utilizing gradients to exchange two Cl − for one H +, the CLC channels transport one H + while simultaneously transporting millions of anions. [6] This corresponds with one cycle of the slow gate. Eukaryotic CLC channels also contain cytoplasmic ...
Copper(II) chloride, also known as cupric chloride, is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Cu Cl 2. The monoclinic yellowish-brown anhydrous form slowly absorbs moisture to form the orthorhombic blue-green dihydrate CuCl 2 ·2H 2 O, with two water molecules of hydration. It is industrially produced for use as a co-catalyst in the ...