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Introduction. On Friday, October 1, 1971, a new procedure was performed to image a live patient’s brain. After a (lengthy) computer processing reconstruction delay, a remarkable image appeared on the screen of a monitor, sparking a revolution in medical imaging.
With the prototype of his “3D X-ray machine,” Hounsfield ushered in the development of what has become one of the most important techniques in medical imaging: computed tomography (CT).
With the increasing power and availability of computers in the 1960s, research began into practical computational techniques for creating tomographic images, leading to the development of computed tomography (CT).
In 1971, the first patient CT examination by Ambrose and Hounsfield paved the way for not only volumetric imaging of the brain but of the entire body. From the initial 5-minute scan for a 180° rotation to today's 0.24-second scan for a 360° rotation, CT technology continues to reinvent itself.
We describe in some detail the development of the first CT system and then the rapid technical advances during the following years that included the entry of many companies into the field and the circumstances that led many of those entrants to exit the field.
Purpose: We provide a review of the key computed tomography (CT) technologies developed since the late 1980s and offer an overview of one of the future technologies under development.
For now, let’s take a trip down memory lane and explore how CT has changed over the last 50 years. In the early 1900s an Italian radiologist named Alessandro Vallebona invented tomography which used radiographic film to see a single slice of the body.