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In geometry, a Platonic solid is a convex, regular polyhedron in three-dimensional Euclidean space.Being a regular polyhedron means that the faces are congruent (identical in shape and size) regular polygons (all angles congruent and all edges congruent), and the same number of faces meet at each vertex.
This means that for any two faces, A and B, there is a rotation or reflection of the solid that leaves it occupying the same region of space while moving face A to face B. The rhombic triacontahedron is somewhat special in being one of the nine edge-transitive convex polyhedra, the others being the five Platonic solids , the cuboctahedron , the ...
In geometry, a uniform polyhedron is a polyhedron which has regular polygons as faces and is vertex-transitive (transitive on its vertices, isogonal, i.e. there is an isometry mapping any vertex onto any other).
The dihedral angle of a truncated icosahedron between adjacent hexagonal faces is approximately 138.18°, and that between pentagon-to-hexagon is approximately 142.6°. [ 4 ] The truncated icosahedron is an Archimedean solid , meaning it is a highly symmetric and semi-regular polyhedron, and two or more different regular polygonal faces meet in ...
In geometry, a convex polyhedron whose faces are regular polygons is known as a Johnson solid, or sometimes as a Johnson–Zalgaller solid [1].Some authors exclude uniform polyhedra (in which all vertices are symmetric to each other) from the definition; uniform polyhedra include Platonic and Archimedean solids as well as prisms and antiprisms. [2]
The relations can be made apparent by examining the vertex figures obtained by listing the faces adjacent to each vertex (remember that for uniform polyhedra all vertices are the same, that is vertex-transitive). For example, the cube has vertex figure 4.4.4, which is to say, three adjacent square faces. The possible faces are 3 - equilateral ...
In geometry, a pentagonal pyramid is a pyramid with a pentagon base and five triangular faces, having a total of six faces. It is categorized as a Johnson solid if all of the edges are equal in length, forming equilateral triangular faces and a regular pentagonal base. Pentagonal pyramids occur as pieces and tools in the construction of many ...
Some Archimedean solids were portrayed in the works of artists and mathematicians during the Renaissance. The elongated square gyrobicupola or pseudorhombicuboctahedron is an extra polyhedron with regular faces and congruent vertices, but it is not generally counted as an Archimedean solid because it is not vertex-transitive.