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In respiratory physiology, the oxygen cascade describes the flow of oxygen from air to mitochondria, where it is consumed in aerobic respiration to release energy. [1] Oxygen flows from areas with high partial pressure of oxygen (PO 2 , also known as oxygen tension ) to areas of lower PO 2 .
Levels of O 2 and CO 2 in tissue can influence blood flow and thereby influence washout of dissolved inert gas, but the magnitude of the oxygen window has no direct effect on inert-gas washout. The oxygen window provides a tendency for absorption of the gas quantities in the body such as pneumothoraces or decompression sickness (DCS) bubbles. [9]
The Shunt equation (also known as the Berggren equation) quantifies the extent to which venous blood bypasses oxygenation in the capillaries of the lung.. “Shunt” and “dead space“ are terms used to describe conditions where either blood flow or ventilation do not interact with each other in the lung, as they should for efficient gas exchange to take place.
According to the Journal Citation Reports, it has a 2021 impact factor of 7.523. [1] It is the official journal of the Federation of European Physiological Societies. The journal was established in 1889 as the Skandinavisches Archiv für Physiologie and renamed to Acta Physiologica Scandinavica in 1940, before obtaining its current name in 2006.
The impact factor relates to a specific time period; it is possible to calculate it for any desired period. For example, the JCR also includes a five-year impact factor, which is calculated by dividing the number of citations to the journal in a given year by the number of articles published in that journal in the previous five years. [14] [15]
As of 2023, Annual Review of Physiology is being published as open access, under the Subscribe to Open model. [1] As of 2024, Journal Citation Reports lists the journal's 2023 impact factor as 15.7, ranking it second of 85 journal titles in the category "Physiology". [2]
These include glycolysis enzymes, which allow ATP synthesis in an oxygen-independent manner, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which promotes angiogenesis. HIF-1 acts by binding to hypoxia-responsive elements (HREs) in promoters that contain the sequence 5'-RCGTG-3' (where R is a purine, either A or G).
The oxygen–hemoglobin dissociation curve, also called the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve or oxygen dissociation curve (ODC), is a curve that plots the proportion of hemoglobin in its saturated (oxygen-laden) form on the vertical axis against the prevailing oxygen tension on the horizontal axis. This curve is an important tool for ...