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Although it is difficult to predict which individuals will be affected from drug-induced long QT syndrome, there are general risk factors that can be associated with the use of certain medications. [1] Generally, as the dose of a drug increases, the risk of QT prolongation increases as well.
Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a condition affecting repolarization (relaxing) of the heart after a heartbeat, giving rise to an abnormally lengthy QT interval. [7] It results in an increased risk of an irregular heartbeat which can result in fainting, drowning, seizures, or sudden death. [1]
There’re at least 10 specific gene mutations that are known to be linked to Long QT syndrome, which are referred to as, for example, LQT1, LQT2, and so on, all of which have some effect on one or more ion channels. Aside from congenital causes though, sometimes the QT interval can be prolonged by certain medications which affect ion channels.
Class Ia drugs prolong the action potential and has an intermediate effect on the 0 phase of depolarization. Increase QT interval; Prevent paroxysmal recurrent atrial fibrillation triggered by vagal overactivity; Treat ventricular arrhythmia; Treat Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (procainamide with caution) Ib Lidocaine; Mexiletine; Phenytoin ...
In pharmacology, an antitarget (or off-target) is a receptor, enzyme, or other biological target that, when affected by a drug, causes undesirable side-effects.During drug design and development, it is important for pharmaceutical companies to ensure that new drugs do not show significant activity at any of a range of antitargets, most of which are discovered largely by chance.
In one example, the gastrokinetic drug cisapride (Propulsid) was withdrawn from the US market in 2000 after it was linked to deaths caused by long QT syndrome-induced torsades de pointes. This effect can be directly linked to QT prolongation mediated predominantly by inhibition of the hERG channel and, in some cases, augmentation of the late ...
No foods are completely off the table, but you should be very wary of these ones.
It is of particular use when treating arrhythmias caused by long QT syndrome. [4] The LQT3 form of long QT syndrome is amenable to treatment with mexiletine as this form is caused by defective sodium channels that continue to release a sustained current rather than fully inactivating, however other forms of long QT syndrome can also be treated ...