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Patellar dislocation occurs mainly in youths (under age 20) engaged in sports that may involve accidental rotation of the knee while in flexion, a movement clinically called valgus, which is the cause of some 93% of patellar dislocation cases. [3]
A knee dislocation is an injury in which there is disruption of the knee joint between the tibia and the femur. [3] [4] Symptoms include pain and instability of the knee. [2] Complications may include injury to an artery, most commonly the popliteal artery behind the knee, or compartment syndrome. [3] [4] [7]
The incidence rate of initial patellar dislocations is roughly 32.8 per 100,000 person years. [39] Nearly 41% of knee dislocations have an associated fracture, with the majority of these fractures in one of the legs. [46] Nerve injury occurs in about 15.3% of knee dislocations, while major artery injury occurs in 7.8% of knee dislocations. [46]
Beyond 30 degrees, the quadriceps tendon and patellar ligament pull the patella posterior into the groove of the knee joint making lateral dislocation of the patella unlikely. Dislocation recurs in about 15–44% of cases, [4] and symptoms continue in about half. Recurrence of a laterally displaced patella is more common as the incidence of ...
Patellar subluxation syndrome is an injury involving the kneecap. Patellar subluxation is more common than patellar dislocation and is just as disabling. [1] In this condition, the patella repetitively subluxates and places strain on the medial restraints and excessive stress/tension on the patellofemoral joint. Patellar subluxation can be ...
The knee is a modified hinge joint, a type of synovial joint, which is composed of three functional compartments: the patellofemoral articulation, consisting of the patella, or "kneecap", and the patellar groove on the front of the femur through which it slides; and the medial and lateral tibiofemoral articulations linking the femur, or thigh bone, with the tibia, the main bone of the lower ...
The patella is attached to the tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle, which contracts to extend/straighten the knee. The patella is stabilized by the insertion of the horizontal fibres of vastus medialis and by the prominence of the lateral femoral condyle, which discourages lateral dislocation during flexion. The retinacular fibres of the ...
Patellar tendon rupture is a tear of the tendon that connects the knee cap (patella) to the tibia. [1] Often there is sudden onset of pain and walking is difficult. [ 1 ] In a complete rupture, the ability to extend that knee is decreased. [ 1 ]