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Kinship care is a term used in the United States and Great Britain for the raising of children by grandparents, other extended family members, and unrelated adults with whom they have a close family-like relationship such as godparents and close family friends because biological parents are unable to do so for whatever reason.
Family economics applies economic concepts such as production, division of labor, distribution, and decision making to the family.It is used to explain outcomes unique to family—such as marriage, the decision to have children, fertility, time devoted to domestic production, and dowry payments using economic analysis.
The family was also important because birth, family ties, and local custom determined economic status in communities. [2] They describe the family as a "productive unit" and state that physical strength was an essential element in survival. [2] The family economic unit has always been dependent on specialized labor done by family
In this family model the father acts as the economic support and sometimes disciplinarian of the family, while the mother or other female relative oversees most of the child-rearing. This structure is enforced, for example, in societies which legislate maternity leave but do not have a corresponding paternity leave .
Holland argues that, whilst there is nonreductive compatibility around human kinship between anthropology, biology and psychology, for a full account of kinship in any particular human culture, ethnographic methods, including accounts of the people themselves, the analysis of historical contingencies, symbolic systems, economic and other ...
Carers save the UK economy an estimated £119 billion per year, [23] and economic considerations form a key element in government policy to support carers. The importance given to carers rights and legislation is evidenced by the record of parliamentary speeches, with 4,118 debates including some mention of carers at the end of March 2008.
ACF's direct predecessor, the Family Support Administration, was created in 1986 by bringing together six existing major programs within HHS. [5] ACF was created in its present form on April 15, 1991, by merging the Office of Human Development Services, the Family Support Administration, and the Maternal and Child Health Block Grant Program.
Studies show that families are paying a significant part of their earnings for child care. Between 2011 and 2012, the cost of child care increased at up to eight times the rate of increases in family income. [5] For a four-year-old child, center-based care ranges from about $4,300 in Mississippi to $12,350 in Massachusetts. [6]