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Tillich writes that the ultimate source of the courage to be is the "God above God," which transcends the theistic idea of God and is the content of absolute faith (defined as "the accepting of the acceptance without somebody or something that accepts") (185).
The content of absolute faith is the 'god above God.' Absolute faith and its consequence, the courage that takes the radical doubt, the doubt about God, into itself, transcends the theistic idea of God. [6] Martin Buber criticized Tillich's "transtheistic position" as a reduction of God to the impersonal, "necessary being" of Thomas Aquinas. [7]
He believed that God is above history, that he makes commands upon human beings, and that all history is under the control of this God. Niebuhr borrowed often from Paul Tillich's notion of God. He was comfortable describing God as Being-itself, the One, or the Ground of Being. In this regard, Niebuhr held something of a middle ground between ...
Although Tillich’s “God above God” is humanity (Wheat, 1970, pp. 20-22, 90-146) and therefore nonsupernatural, most readers and interpreters have assumed that Tillich is a supernaturalist of one sort or another–either a theist, a deist, or a metaphysician (pantheist, panentheist, or mystic).
Paul Tillich held that God is the ground of being and is something that precedes the subject and object (philosophy) dichotomy. He considered God to be what people are ultimately concerned with, existentially, and that religious symbols can be recovered as meaningful even without faith in the personal God of traditional Christianity. [21]
In addition to Søren Kierkegaard, Christian existentialists include German Protestant theologians Paul Tillich, and Rudolf Bultmann, American existential psychologist Rollo May (who introduced much of Tillich's thought to a general American readership), British Anglican theologian John Macquarrie, American philosopher Clifford Williams, French ...
A few liberal Christian theologians define a "nontheistic God" as "the ground of all being" rather than as a personal divine being. Many of them owe much of their theology to the work of Christian existentialist philosopher Paul Tillich, including the phrase "the ground of all being". Another quotation from Tillich is, "God does not exist.
Paul Tillich (1886–1965) popularized the concept of a theology of culture, publishing a book with that title in 1959, that showed the religious dimension of several spheres of culture. He discussed ways of differentiating the sacred and the secular. In Tillich's work existentialism was also an important motif. [1]