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Diesel exhaust fluid (DEF; also known as AUS 32 and sometimes marketed as AdBlue [3]) is a liquid used to reduce the amount of air pollution created by a diesel engine. Specifically, DEF is an aqueous urea solution made with 32.5% urea and 67.5% deionized water .
A CATI PEMS being strapped down inside a vehicle. A portable emissions measurement system (PEMS) is a vehicle emissions testing device that is small and light enough to be carried inside or moved with a motor vehicle that is being driven during testing, rather than on the stationary rollers of a dynamometer that only simulates real-world driving.
2 emissions are measured in pounds per hour using both an SO 2 pollutant concentration monitor and a volumetric flow monitor. For NO x, both a NO x pollutant concentration monitor and a diluent gas monitor are used to determine the emissions rate in weight per volume or weight per heat value (for example lbs/million Btu, lbs/ft 3, kg/kWh or kg ...
The dieselgate emissions scandal first surfaced against Volkswagen in 2015, when the company admitted around 11 million cars worldwide were fitted with defeat device software, which tricks ...
Emissions from diesel vehicles are more harmful than those from petrol vehicles. [40] [41] [42] Diesel combustion exhaust is a source of atmospheric soot and fine particles, which is a component of the air pollution implicated in human cancer, [43] [44] heart and lung damage, [45] and mental functioning. [46]
HBEFA computes the selected emission factors either as weighted emission factors per vehicle category, per emission stage (e.g. EURO-5-passenger cars, etc.), per fuel type (gasoline, diesel, alternatives) or per sub-segment (= vehicle category/size class/emission stage, such as passenger cars with engine size <1.4 l EURO-3, etc.) and per traffic situation.
A NO x adsorber is designed to reduce oxides of nitrogen emitted in the exhaust gas of a lean burn internal combustion engine.Lean burn engines, particularly diesels, present a special challenge to emission control system designers because of the relatively high levels of O 2 (atmospheric oxygen) in the exhaust gas.
The GREET model is specified in the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 §45V [2] as the methodology to calculate the life cycle greenhouse gas emissions "through the point of production (well-to-gate)" when determining the level of tax credit for clean Hydrogen production until a successor is approved by the Secretary of the Treasury. The final ...