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Unstable angina is a type of angina pectoris [1] that is irregular or more easily provoked. [2] It is classified as a type of acute coronary syndrome. [3]It can be difficult to distinguish unstable angina from non-ST elevation (non-Q wave) myocardial infarction.
Unstable angina (UA) (also "crescendo angina"; this is a form of acute coronary syndrome) is defined as angina pectoris that changes or worsens or begins suddenly at rest. [12] Unstable angina is a medical emergency and requires urgent medical treatment from a doctor. [5] It has at least one of these three features: [13]
All right, as a quick recap…. Angina pectoris is chest pain caused by reduced blood flow resulting in a lack of oxygen in the heart muscle. There are three types: stable angina, unstable angina, and vasospastic angina. Rest tends to relieve stable angina, but not the other two types, and all three can be treated with nitroglycerin.
In unstable angina, symptoms may appear on rest or on minimal exertion. [6] The symptoms can last longer than those in stable angina, can be resistant to rest or medicine, and can get worse over time. [8] [10] Though ACS is usually associated with coronary thrombosis, it can also be associated with cocaine use. [11]
The CCS grading system for angina is, in part, used to evaluate fitness to fly by the British Cardiovascular Society.They recommend no action by class I and II patients with stable angina, class III should consider mobility assistance from airport staff and in-flight supplemental oxygen therapy, and that class IV patients should ideally defer their travel plans or travel with a medical ...
A key symptom of coronary ischemia is chest pain or pressure, known as angina pectoris. [4] Angina may present typically with classic symptoms or atypically with symptoms less often associated with heart disease. [19] Atypical presentations are more common in women, diabetics, and elderly individuals. [8] Angina may be stable or unstable.
Microvascular angina is a type of angina pectoris in which chest pain and chest discomfort occur without signs of blockages in the larger coronary arteries of their hearts when an angiogram (coronary angiogram) is being performed. [68] [69] The exact cause of microvascular angina is unknown.
ST segment depression and T-wave changes may be seen in patients with unstable angina; Depressed but upsloping ST segment generally rules out ischemia as a cause. Also, it can be a normal variant or artifacts, such as: Pseudo-ST-depression, which is a wandering baseline due to poor skin contact of the electrode [3]