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The original type of spoked wheel with wooden spokes was used for horse-drawn carriages and wagons. In early motor cars, wooden spoked wheels of the artillery type were normally used. In a simple wooden wheel, a load on the hub causes the wheel rim to flatten slightly against the ground as the lowermost wooden spoke shortens and compresses.
In older wheels, the nave had a 6-inch sleeve that fit over the axle to keep the wheel from wobbling; it required frequent greasing. More modern carriage wheels use bearings. [4]: 197 [3]: 232 Spokes are wooden sticks that fit into the nave at one end, and into the felloe at the other end. [4]: 251 [3]: 233
[citation needed] The lack of spokes or a traditional hub also allows for more space, which can be used to more easily package a hub motor. [ 2 ] While Franco Sbarro was the first to replace vehicles' conventional wheels with hubless wheels in 1989, [ 1 ] monowheels , which are similar in practice, predate Sbarro's hubless-wheel vehicles by ...
Artillery wheel for a motorcar. Wood-spoke artillery wheels were used on early automobiles, as a stronger alternative to wire wheels. [5] By the 1920s, many motor cars used wheels that looked at a glance like wooden artillery wheels, but which were of cast steel or welded from steel pressed sections.
A spokeshave is a hand tool used to shape and smooth woods in woodworking jobs such as making cart wheel spokes, chair legs, [1] paddles, bows, and arrows. [2] The tool consists of a blade fixed into the body of the tool, which has a handle for each hand. Historically, a spokeshave was made with a wooden body and metal cutting blade.
If using aluminum nipples, the spokes should be long enough to engage the full length of spoke nipple threads so that the load is carried from spoke to the top of the nipple. [2] If the spoke is only part way into the nipple, the nipple carries the tension load and is prone to breaking from fatigue failure.
World of Outlaws Sprint Car Series, originally known as the World of Outlaws (often abbreviated WoO) is an American national touring dirt track racing series. It is owned and operated by World Racing Group, and was rebranded when the World of Outlaws Late Model Series was introduced. [1]
A spoke wrench that fits three common nipple sizes. A spoke wrench or spoke key is a small wrench or tool used to adjust the tension in the spokes of a tension-spoked wheel.A spoke wrench is sometimes called a nipple wrench, as it is the spoke nipple – not the spoke – that is turned in the process of changing the tension of a spoke.