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The ground tab is designed to be attached to the outlet faceplate screw, which is supposed to be connected to the building electrical ground. A cheater plug, AC ground lifter or three-prong/two-prong adapter is an adapter that allows a NEMA 5-15P grounding-type plug (three prongs) to connect to a NEMA 1-15R non-grounding receptacle (two slots).
This practice was removed from the NEC in the 1996 edition, but existing installations (called "old work") may still allow the cases of such listed appliances to be connected to the neutral conductor for grounding. (Canada did not adopt this system and instead during this time and into the present uses separate neutral and ground wires.)
Grounded vs ungrounded NEMA plugs. The NEMA 5-15 plug has two flat parallel blades like NEMA 1-15, and a ground (earth) pin. [46] It is rated 15 A at 125 volts. The ground pin is longer than the line and neutral blades, such that an inserted plug connects to ground before power.
The neutral wire is identified by gray or white insulated wire, perhaps using stripes or markings. With lamp cord wire the ribbed wire is the neutral, and the smooth wire is the hot. NEC 2008 400.22(f) allows surface marking with ridged, grooves or white stripes on the surface of lamp cord.
The ground connection can become oxidized and when the shells are made of metal any ground fault goes right through the hands of a person connecting/disconnecting a male and a female cable connector (unless the person wears insulating gloves). Incorrect use of the ground connector as a neutral was not uncommon.
The flexible cord always enters the plug from the bottom, discouraging removal by tugging on the cable, which can damage the cable. [57] Rewireable plugs must be designed so that they can be wired in a manner which prevents strain to the earth connection before the line and neutral connection in the event of failure of the cord anchorage. [58]