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A sessile serrated lesion (SSL) is a premalignant flat (or sessile) lesion of the colon, predominantly seen in the cecum and ascending colon. SSLs are thought to lead to colorectal cancer through the (alternate) serrated pathway. [1] [2] This differs from most colorectal cancer, which arises from mutations starting with inactivation of the APC ...
Serrated polyposis syndrome often does not cause symptoms. The risk of colon cancer is between 25 and 40%. [8] Sessile serrated polyps, as seen during endoscopy or colonoscopy, are flat (rather than raised) and are easily overlooked. Serrated lesions range in size from small (<5 mm) to large, and often have a "mucous cap" overlying the polyp.
A sessile serrated adenoma is suspected in case of any of the following: [4] Size ≥0.5 cm; Location in right colon; If both are present, it is almost always an SSA. Other features causing a suspicion for sessile serrated adenoma are: [4] Dilation of crypts; Branching of crypts; Horizontal glands at the base; Mature mucinous cells at the base ...
Colorectal adenoma Type Risk of containing malignant cells Histopathology definition Tubular adenoma 2% at 1.5 cm [4] Over 75% of volume has tubular appearance. [5] Tubulovillous adenoma 20% to 25% [6] 25–75% villous [5] Villous adenoma 15% [7] to 40% [6] Over 75% villous [5] Sessile serrated adenoma (SSA) [8] Basal dilation of the crypts ...
Sessile serrated adenoma (SSA) [17] Basal dilation of the crypts; Basal crypt serration; Crypts that run horizontal to the basement membrane (horizontal crypts) Crypt branching. Colorectal adenocarcinoma: 100%: In carcinoma in situ (Tis): cancer cells invading into the lamina propria, and may involve but not penetrate the muscularis mucosae.
The risks of progression to colorectal cancer increase if the polyp is larger than 1 cm and contains a higher percentage of villous component. Also, the shape of the polyps is related to the risk of progression into carcinoma. Polyps that are pedunculated (with a stalk) are usually less dangerous than sessile polyps (flat polyps). Sessile ...
Micrograph of a tubular adenoma, the colorectal cancer precursor most commonly associated with FAP. Making the diagnosis of FAP before the development of colon cancer is important not just for the individual, but also for the sake of other family members who may be affected. Two diagnostic methods exist: [citation needed]
The extracolonic tumors may include osteomas of the skull, thyroid cancer, epidermoid cysts, fibromas, [4] as well as the occurrence of desmoid tumors in approximately 15% of affected individuals. Desmoid tumors are fibrous tumors that usually occur in the tissue covering the intestines and may be provoked by surgery to remove the colon.