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Trunk injection or endotherapy also known as vegetative endotherapy, [1] [2] [3] is a method of target-precise application of pesticides, [4] [5] [6] plant resistance activators, [7] or fertilizers [8] into the xylem vascular tissue of a tree with the purpose of protecting the tree from pests, or to inject nutrients to correct for nutrient deficiencies.
Paraquat is widely used as a suicide agent in developing countries because it is widely available at low cost. Further, the toxic dose is low (10 mL or 2 teaspoons is enough to kill). Campaigns exist to control or even ban paraquat, and there are moves to restrict its availability by requiring user education and the locking up of paraquat stores.
Hypoxylon canker of shade trees is an ascomycete fungal disease. [7] [8] The fungal pathogen must take advantage of wounds in the host tree or unhealthy tree tissue to infect and colonize the host, as normal, robust trees are not very susceptible to infection. [7]
Both chemicals are non-selective, long-lasting, and effective in weed control. They are, however, water-soluble, and depending on soil type and moisture they can move into parts of the landscape where they were not sprayed. Some desirable landscape plants are especially sensitive to them and can be damaged. [citation needed]
The cankers caused by EFB slowly expand and kill the tree over the course of several years if diseased tree limbs are not removed in time. [105] Research with chlorothalonil and tebuconazole in the 1990s showed that 4–5 applications of the fungicides on a two-week schedule when vegetative buds are breaking dormancy is ideal for control of EFB ...
Standing beneath the tree during rain can cause blistering of the skin from even a small drop of rain with the latex in it. Burning tree parts may cause blindness if the smoke reaches the eyes. The fruit can also be fatal if eaten. Many trees carry a warning sign, while others have been marked with a red "X" on the trunk to indicate danger.
This chemical compound is a chlorinated derivative of o-anisic acid. [5] It has been described as a "widely used, low-cost, environmentally friendly herbicide that does not persist in soils and shows little or no toxicity to wildlife and humans." [6] Despite its success in improving crop yields, dicamba has attracted controversy.
Phytoncides are antimicrobial allelochemic [dubious – discuss] volatile organic compounds derived from plants.The word, which means "exterminated by the plant" [citation needed] (from the Greek φυτόν "plant" and the Latin caedere "to kill"), was coined in 1928 by Boris P. Tokin, a Soviet biochemist then studying at Moscow State University. [1]