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Surge tanks are usually provided in high or medium-head plants when there is a considerable distance between the water source and the power unit, necessitating a long penstock. The main functions of the surge tank are: When the load decreases, the water moves backward and gets stored in it. When the load increases, the additional supply of ...
Effect of a pressure surge on a float gauge. Hydraulic shock (colloquial: water hammer; fluid hammer) is a pressure surge or wave caused when a fluid in motion is forced to stop or change direction suddenly: a momentum change. It is usually observed in a liquid but gases can also be affected.
For desert cooling, radiator surge tanks were used in North Africa in 1942. Equally, there were winterization kits, even snowplows, and the jeep's go-anywhere capability was further aided with deep water fording kits, tire air compressors, and a winch option. For communications, jeeps were modified with rear ditch plows and cable laying reels ...
Expansion tank in a 1987 Saab 90 (brown plastic tank with white lid at top of picture) An expansion tank, also known as "overflow bottle", is also used in the cooling system of most internal combustion engines, to allow the coolant, such as antifreeze, and the air in the system to expand with rising temperature and pressure. The tank is also ...
The working coolant (usually water) is the evaporated fluid, and is exposed to the elements. Closed circuit cooling towers (also called fluid coolers) pass the working coolant through a large heat exchanger, usually a radiator, upon which clean water is sprayed and a fan-induced draft applied. The resulting heat transfer performance is close to ...
As the coolant system pressure increases with a rise in temperature, it will reach the point where the pressure relief valve allows excess pressure to escape. This will stop when the system temperature stops rising. In the case of an over-filled radiator (or header tank) pressure is vented by allowing a little liquid to escape.