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There are 523 known moss species and 23 varieties in New Zealand, with 208 genera represented. 108 species and 11 genera are considered endemic. Most New Zealand mosses originated in Gondwana , so there are strong relationships with species in Tasmania , South-eastern Australia , and temperate parts of South America. [ 8 ]
For a listing in order of Māori name, with species names for most, see the Flora of New Zealand list of vernacular names. The New Zealand Plant Conservation Network has published a list of New Zealand indigenous vascular plants including all 574 native trees and shrubs. [1]
Pittosporum eugenioides, common names lemonwood or tarata, is a species of New Zealand native evergreen tree. Growing to 12 m (39 ft) tall by 5 m (16 ft) broad, it is conical when young but more rounded in shape when mature. [ 1 ]
Botanical illustration of a pōhutukawa sprig by Ellen Cheeseman. Pōhutukawa (Metrosideros excelsa), [2] also known as the New Zealand Christmas tree, [3] [4] or iron tree, [5] is a coastal evergreen tree in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae, that produces a brilliant display of red (or occasionally orange, yellow [6] or white [7]) flowers, each consisting of a mass of stamens.
New Zealand had a 2019 Forest Landscape Integrity Index mean score of 7.12/10, ranking it 55th globally out of 172 countries. [10] In addition to terrestrial plants, New Zealand is home to many species of algae. Many species of southern bull kelp are found along the coasts of the main islands, Chatham Islands and the Subantarctic Islands. [11] [12]
Tūī on New Zealand flax. Phormium tenax (called flax in New Zealand English; harakeke in Māori; New Zealand flax [1] [2] outside New Zealand; and New Zealand hemp [1] in historical nautical contexts) is an evergreen perennial plant native to New Zealand and Norfolk Island that is an important fibre plant and a popular ornamental plant. [3]
Pittosporum crassifolium, Coromandel Peninsula, New Zealand. Karo's original distribution was generally the top half of the North Island, although now it has naturalised throughout New Zealand and overseas in Norfolk Island, Hawaii [13] and the Isles of Scilly. This species has been recorded on iNaturalist in many other countries
Fuchsia excorticata, commonly known as tree fuchsia, New Zealand fuchsia and by its Māori name kōtukutuku, is a New Zealand native tree belonging to the family Onagraceae. It is commonly found throughout New Zealand and as far south as the Auckland Islands. It grows from sea level up to about 1,000 m (3,300 ft), particularly alongside creeks ...